Genocide in Bosnia: Incredible Testimonies in Mladic's Defense

National Congress of the Republic of Bosnia-Herzegovina (NCR B&H) ONLINE NEWSLETTER International, No. 916 December 13, 2015 CONTENT: 1. DODIK AND CUTILEIRO TO TESTIFY IN MLADIC'S DEFENSE 2. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT WAR IN BOSNIA 3. Why the Arms Embargo to Bosnia Was Never Lifted ──────────── 1. DODIK AND CUTILEIRO TO TESTIFY IN MLADIC'S DEFENSE Sense News Agency THE HAGUE | 06.12.2015 Next week, Ratko Mladic's defense will call the current Republika Srpska president Milorad Dodik, a former Portuguese diplomat Jos� Cutileiro and a Ukrainian lieutenant colonel Sergey Moroz. All three witnesses have previously testified in Radovan Karadzic's defense. Karadzic was indicted for the same crimes as Ratko Mladic On Monday, Ratko Mladic's defense will call three witnesses: the first is the current Republika Srpska president Milorad Dodik. In his evidence in Radovan Karadzic's defense in April 2013, Dodik said that Alija Izetbegovic, the high representative of the international community and the Tribunal's OTP were to blame for 'all the evils that have befallen' Bosnia-Herzegovina. Izetbegovic was responsible for 'the unilateral secession' of Bosnia-Herzegovina from the former Yugoslavia, the high representative imposed 'unlawful laws' which penalized the Serb side and the OTP in The Hague issued indictments 'against Serbs only', Dodik argued in his testimony in Karadzic's defense . He also distanced himself from his previous criticism of the wartime Republika Srpska president. It is likely Dodik will now do the same in his testimony in the defense of the wartime Bosnian Serb military commander. Jos� Cutileiro will testify about the Lisbon agreement which had been accepted tentatively by representatives of the three constitutive nations under his guidance in March 1992. According to the diplomat's evidence in Karadzic's trial, the agreement could have kept the peace in Bosnia-Herzegovina. Like Karadzic, Mladic's defense will highlight the fact that Alija Izetbegovic had first signed the agreement and later withdrew his signature. Ukrainian lieutenant colonel Sergey Moroz, the last witness of Mladic's defense slated for the next week, will likely repeat what he said at the trials of Radovan Karadzic and Stanislav Galic: that a month after the first Markale massacre in February 1994 a Russian officer by the name of Rumyantsev purportedly told him that an 'explosive device had been planted' in the town market. The Russian officer was a member of one of the UN teams investigating the incident. Moroz's allegation can't be verified as Rumyantsev has passed away in the meantime. An official UN report signed by Rumyantsev states that the explosion in the Markale town market was caused by a 120-mm mortar shell. ──────────── COMMENT: It is unbelievable how anybody with common sense could believe such testimonies. If you ask insiders, meaning Bosnians, you will hear the truth. And the truth is that Alija Izetbegovic was only a traitor, who violated Bosnian constitution when he signed all of those deals, including Lisbon deal. He had to withdraw from that deal because Bosnian people became suspicious that he is a traitor. In addition, Bosnian parliament would never accept such treasons of the Bosnian constitution. Izetbegovic needed genocide and manipulation with Bosnian Parliament to push through the similar Dayton deal, four years later. Only totally illiterate people in Bosnia still believe in the myth that Izetbegovic was a Muslim and Bosnian patriot c.f. read Bosnian Face-Book patriotic groups. Everybody who has any common sense knows that he was assimilated in Serbian political mentality and that because of that Serbs helped him to vin the power in the key moments of Bosnian history. Anybody who wants to know the truth about Bosnia should read the following two articles. The first article is Q&A about Bosnia. In the second article we will see how Alija Izetbegovic prevented the lifting of the Arms embargo to Bosnians. It is only one of the many of examples of his treasons of Bosnia. Muhamed Borogovac ──────────── 2. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT WAR IN BOSNIA Q1: Why are so many Bosniaks critical of former President Izetbegovic? Answer: Bosnian patriots criticize him for the following reasons. The Dayton Agreement (November 1995) is the death of the Republic of Bosnia-Herzegovina (short form: Bosnia); the agreement is merely the final document in a series of agreements made and signed by Alija Izetbegovic. Let us remind you of some crucial concepts regarding the international law, which affect Bosnian issue very much. In the beginning of the war "the world" was sided with the Republic of Bosnia-Herzegovina. Why? Because the Republic of Bosnia-Herzegovina was a recognized country, a member of the UN (May 22, 1992), and a victim of genocide. Hence, Bosnia was under the protection of international law and the UN Charter. That is why even Russia, Greece, China and some other Serbian, either orthodox or socialist, friends recognized Bosnia, and voted for the economic sanctions against Serbia/rump Yugoslavia. USA, England, Russia, France, and China were not sided with Bosnia because they like Bosnians more than Serbs, but because Serbia violated international law, i.e., because Serbia committed the aggression against a member of the UN. When the President of the Presidency of the Republic of Bosnia-Herzegovina, Alija Izetbegovic, accepted the negotiations with the aggressors in September and December of 1992, he made a terrible violation of Bosnian Constitution and Bosnian interests. Namely, the problem could have been solved either through the implementation of the UN charter and international law or through negotiations. The first way was the only appropriate way for Bosnia, because Serbia was already designated as the aggressor and Bosnia as a victim in resolutions 752 and 757 of the Security Council in 1992. Unfortunately Izetbegovic abandoned the international law and accepted the negotiations as a method for 'solving' the Bosnian issue. This prevented any international intervention towards protection of Bosnia. The negotiations even prevented the lifting of the arms embargo. How you can arm one party if the "peace process" is ongoing? This argument was handed to enemies of Bosnia as an excellent excuse for their vetoing of lifting of the arms embargo. We are Bosnians who begged Izetbegovic not to negotiate with the perpetrators of the genocide, Yugoslav Army and their leaders Milosevic, Karadzic, et al. In many personal contacts and letters, Bosnian patriots explained all the catastrophic consequences of negotiations as follows: - The discussions with the subject "What about Bosnia?" will reopen the questions that were already solved by recognition of Bosnia as a sovereign nation in the Spring of 1992. - If legal Bosnian Government accepts to negotiate with rebels it will convert the rebels from war criminals to diplomats who represent Bosnian Serbs instead of loyal Serbian representatives in the Bosnian Government. (This is the same reason, for example, why the French government does not accept rebel Basques or Corsicans to negotiate about French constitution.) - Acceptance of Karadzic and Milosevic as negotiators about the new Bosnian Constitution is an act deprived of any dignity, because they and their generals committed so many crimes against Bosnians, including mass killings and rapes. - The negotiations between "Bosnian Muslims" and "Bosnian Serbs" will reformulate the internationally declared aggression, into a "civil and religious war". As we know the UN cannot get involved in a civil war on one side. This is the second reason why the UN could not intervene on behalf of the Bosnian side. The first one was the "ongoing peace process" - Knowing that the Bosnian borders cannot be changed and that aggression cannot be rewarded, Serbian soldiers did not have any motivation to fight and die in vain. However, negotiations that will give them some part of Bosnia will only add to their motivation; as such, "peace negotiations" and territorial carve-up serve only as an added incentive and a 'green light' for aggression and genocide. In spite to that advice, Alija Izetbegovic chose to re-negotiate the destiny of Bosnia-Herzegovina, which was already recognized sovereign nation. Q2: In a lot of his rhetoric in the media, Izetbegovic spoke about a civic and multi-ethnic state � do you think he was being dishonest? Answer: He was dishonest, but he tricked Bosnian people, not Serbs. It is very difficult to understand the state of mind of the people in Bosnia during Yugoslavia. The communists controlled everything, and attempted to re-educate the people through propaganda. During the 80 years of Yugoslavia a very strong assimilation of minorities into Serbs was going on. Izetbegovic was one of the ethnic Bosniaks who was assimilated into the Serbian political body. Former Bosnian leader Hamdija Pozderac was the main problem for executioners of the "Greater Serbia" project. Unlike Alija Izetbegovic he never accepted to negotiate about neither Bosnian borders nor the Bosnian Constitution. That's why the "Greater Serbia lobby" in Bosnia tried to remove Hamdija Pozderac from power several times. And it is why they worked to put in power somebody like Izetbegovic; somebody who will negotiate and legalize Serbian war gains; somebody who will pretend to be a Muslim "fundamentalist". Hamdija Pozderac was the leader of the Bosnians who imprisoned Izetbegovic in 1983. Pozderac's police found out that Izetbegovic was advocating for partitioning Bosnia into ethnic states, which is in the best Greater Serbian interest. To reach that goal, Izetbegovic manipulated and continued to manipulate the Muslims of Bosnia (the religious part of Bosniaks) and also all over the world. Izetbegovic's "Islamic Declaration" was published for the first time in Belgrade, Serbia, by Serbian extreme nationalist publisher "Srpska rec" (The Serbian Word"). Most Bosnians by now know that Izetbegovic had in the past declared himself as a Serbian of Muslim descent. But at the time of independence Bosnians did not pay necessary attention to those facts. Shortly before the war, in the setup known as "Agrokomerc affair", Bosnian leader Hamdija Pozderac was removed, and the influential Greater Serbia lobby in Bosnia released Izetbegovic from prison and enabled him to register his party (SDA). As it was the first non-Communist party after 50 years of Communist control, Izetbegovic became a hero and a political leader. Hence, Alija Izetbegovic became President of Bosnia. The Greater Serbia project could start. All Bosnian leaders who insisted on integral and secular Bosnia (as its Constitution and its citizens demand), were either removed by Izetbegovic, as, for example, General Sefer Halilovic, Muhamed Cengic, Dr. Rusmir Mahmutcehajic, or killed by Karadzic's Serbs. Examples of those methods are killings of Dr. Hakija Turajlic, Dr. Irfan Ljubljankic, and some other officials, after Serb forces were tipped off about their whereabouts and movement. There have been hundreds of other patriots removed, killed and injured in "accidents". The common political agenda of all those victims is that they all strongly opposed the partition of the country. Their names mean much to Bosnians, but they are unknown abroad, hence, omitted here. To reach this goal, destruction of the sovereign nation Bosnia-Herzegovina, Izetbegovic manipulates Muslims in Bosnia as well as Muslims all over the world, pretending that he is a Muslim "fundamentalist" who wants to establish a Muslim State on the smaller territory. At the end, the Bosnian Parliament accepted the partition in 1994. The members of the Parliament were told by Izetbegovic that "this is just a tactic, because the Serbs will not accept it". After the Serbs refused the plan, he announced that Bosnia accepts the plan permanently and that the world should force the Serbs to accept it also. Hence, instead of a tactic, the partition became "Bosnia's destiny". Izetbegovic advocated often: "The plan is not good, but it is the only one." Bosnian patriots would say: "Isn't the legitimate constitution of the land confirmed on the referendum of independence by 64% of vote the only plan acceptable for the sworn President of the Republic of Bosnia-Herzegovina?" Q3: What about former Prime Minister Silajdzic? Was he genuinely committed to a civic, multi-ethnic state? Answer: Silajdzic was an unknown person to us in the Bosnian independence movement when he was brought in by Izetbegovic into his inner circle to assist him with leading the party. We were made aware that he was educated in Muslim religious schools and fluent in Arabic and English. These were his credentials that were supposed to make Muslims and other Bosnians trust him, because people knew that a religious education, especially Islamic, was not approved. For any regular Bosnian person, being associated with the religion in any way would close doors even in regular workplaces, let alone government. And if somebody made that choice, despite possible consequences, it was in the eyes of many considered to be a principled and brave choice (and foolish, too). But we have to remember that despite making that choice, Silajdzic�s previous career was in the Yugoslavian diplomatic corps (and perhaps intelligence) in Arabic countries. So actually he was a person trusted by and member of the privileged political ruling class of Yugoslavia, and in that light, his religious education is seemingly just his approved training for his diplomatic and intelligence duties. His many later actions to subvert and sabotage Bosnian interests, show that he continued to be devoted to Yugoslav unity (i.e. greater Serbia). Most likely he worked for Yugoslav intelligence, which also set Izetbegovic to power, and he was simply reassigned to help him. In fact, all of the leading Bosniak politicians from that inner circle, including Izetbegovic, Silajdjic, Ganic and others were there because they could pass for Bosniaks but were trusted by Yugoslav intelligence to do the job of getting control of the pro-independence movement. How did they find so many? Well they had many years of rule in which to find them, but also over those years of rule Bosnia was under constant pro-Yugoslav unitarists� propaganda, and many Bosniaks had assimilated into a Serbian nationalist and political way of thinking; so there was a large pool to choose from. There were many, maybe thousands, of people like Emir Kusturica � not necessarily openly and militantly advocating Serbian nationalism as he did, but just as fervent supporters of it privately. We call them �Posrbica�, or �Srbobalija�, similarily as Serbs called �Poturica� converts to Islam, during the Ottoman Empire. Q4: The Bosnian government included members and officials from the SDA political party as well as officials from other parties and/or ethnicities. Did this had an impact on the Bosnian war effort and the Bosniak cause specifically? Answer: No, it did not affect the results of the war. The many Serbs and Croats who along with most Bosniaks, decided to defend their country The Republic of Bosnia Herzegovina, unfortunately were not the decision makers during the war. Alija Izetbegovic, and his team, protagonists of the greater Serbia project, made all the decisions. For example, at the end of the war Milosevic did not have an exit strategy, except to withdraw from Bosnia in defeat. There are testimonies of Serbian intellectuals that nobody wanted to go to war in Bosnia at the end of the war. Hundreds of thousands of draft letters would produce recruits numbering in only tens or hundreds. That is the reason that the Serbs were in disarray in Bosnia similarly as before in Croatia. Unfortunately, when Bosnian Army offensive started, and Bosnians were liberating one town a day, Izetbegovic quickly ordered to Muhamed Sacirbegovic to run in Geneva and sign that 49% of Bosnia belongs to Serbs. It was signed September 16, 1995. That was the document that stopped Bosnian Army in front of Banja Luka Prijedor, Bosanski Novi. Victorious Bosnian Army was stopped because Americans said to them: �Stop, you already got your 51% of the territory.� Q5: In terms of the SDA itself, is it accurate to say that the party included a group of people that promoted and believe in a more civic state as well as a group that was more religiously conservative? If so, did one come to have more influence and power than the other? Answer: There was only one important issue in the war, will Bosnia defend its secular constitution of the Republic, or it will be divided along the ethnic lines. Among both secular and religious Bosniaks there where majority who wanted unified civic country. That is the reason that Izetbegovic was set to power during Yugoslavia, to be the man who will divide Bosnia, which was a Serbian goal. That is why his rhetoric and his actions were so opposite, because he formally represented a people with one vision, but was clandestinely working for another. Note, a problem for Izetbegovic and his Greater Serbia allies was that Bosnia had a very mixed population, and that is the reason that they had such a difficult job to do. They needed to resort to genocide, which they themselves named ethnic cleansing, and Bosnian leader who will, in the name of the other side, give cover and recognize the results of the genocide, give them a winning exit strategy disguised as a peace deal. Q6: Did we observe any increase in religious faith among the Bosniak population during the war - by which we mean greater belief in God and more frequent attendance at religious services? Answer: Yes. Most people still consider themselves secular, but there are those who are more vocal about being religious Muslims. However, even most of those are not really practicing, except maybe on the holidays. Many of the enthusiastic are the same people who were the biggest communists before. Those are merely opportunists, they are whatever is popular with the government, but are probably neither communist nor religious deep down. They wanted to get some benefits during the communist rule, and have the same strategy for getting benefits again if they go to the mosque. However, most of them are not in on the joked. As I made it clear before, even the highest leadership of the SDA party, is only taking on a veneer of having a traditional Muslim world view, in order to serve as a cover of authenticity and make their real mission of establishing a Greater Serbia concealed. As you probably know, around 600 mosques were destroyed by Serbs during the war. Bosnian leadership, who is giving up Bosnian statehood, continues to trick Bosnians by acting like �Muslim fundamentalists�. For that purpose they are re-building those mosques, even though many of them are in the �ethnically cleansed� areas, and nobody attends them. For that purpose they obtained money from Saudi Arabia. In that process they sacrificed Bosnian architecture. The Saudi mosques look like lighthouses, and have names of Saudi donors, e.g. King Fahd. In some of those mosques Saudi Wahhabi Islam is preached, but in most of those mosques, Wahhabism is rejected by Bosniaks. The people who accepted Wahhabism are called �Wahhabis� by Bosnians, but in a very pejorative way. They are a very small minority, but they are over-emphasized by the media. Those Wahhabis are fundamentalist only in a sense that they are too devoted to their religion. Many of them are imprisoned without any judicial process, just for their devotion to religion. There is a well-known case Abu Hamza. He is a family man and he was mistakenly named by media Abu Hamza. He is still in �Bosnian Guantanamo� eight years now, without any due process, and any guilt. Treating people unjustly like this, is the best way to create real terrorists among Bosnian Wahhabis, and that is probably a goal of the Bosnian police, which is controlled by the greater Serbia project. Q7: Are there any data or surveys regarding religious observance among the Bosniaks during or right after the war? Answer: No. I do not know anybody who ever cared about such statistics, and if they �exist�, I be highly suspicious of them. Q8: How would you describe the change(s) in Bosniak identity from before the war, to during and right after the war, to now? Answer: Before the war, it was a time of the assimilation of Bosniaks into Serbs. How was that assimilation performed? Well, for one, it was denied that �Bosniaks� even existed as a people (despite numerous historical references throughout centuries). For a time, the only options were Serb, Croat, or Yugoslav. Later, it was allowed to be one more thing, a �Muslim� � that is, to identify yourself with the name of a religion which had been frowned upon and shamed as previously described, which most likely you did not even believe in. And what if your nationality was Bosniak but your family religious tradition was Catholicism or Orthodox Christianity? Further, assimilation was performed by shaming. The propaganda made people, and their children in schools, to feel that they are primitive, stupid, without culture, or belonging to a foreign invader, or in another variant, betraying their own people to the same foreign invader. Probably you heard some jokes about stupid Bosnians, Mujo, Suljo, Fata etc. This was pervasive, and existed on every level. Now, we are still living with the consequences of that, but at least it is not the constant theme it once was. The mainstream media and the schools are still in the hands of the same people as before the war, so Bosniak culture and history are still not being taught. But the people have started to restore their sense of pride, and learn about their history. And the biggest change came from the internet � so that now you have Bosnian officials on one side, and Bosnian people on the on the other side expressing themselves via social media. And there is where you find that people consider Izetbegovic, Silajdzic and others traitors. For example, there are several Bosnian mailing lists and FB groups, with tens of thousands of members each, which openly consider Izetbegovic as �Posrbica�, �Srbobalija�. Everything I told you in this interview is in fact the current dominant opinion of folks on Bosnian social media. ──────────── 3. Why the Arms Embargo to Bosnia Was Never Lifted On the web page of the American Congress http://thomas.loc.gov/bss/d104query.html , it is easy to find all bills and votes regarding Bosnia and Herzegovina during the war in Bosnia 1992-1993, i.e. during 103 and 104 Congress. The following are key actions in the House and the Senate regarding lifting of the Arms embargo on Bosnia, quote: �54. S.AMDT.1695 to S.2042 To provide for the termination of the United States arms embargo of the Government of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Sponsor: Sen Dole, Robert J. [KS] (introduced 5/10/1994) Cosponsors: 33 Latest Major Action: 5/12/1994 Senate amendment agreed to. Status: Amendment SP 1695 agreed to in Senate by Yea-Nay Vote. 50-49. Record Vote No: 111.� Quickly after that, in June, the Resolution passes vote in the House: �26. H.AMDT.611 to H.R.4301 Amendment requires the President to unilaterally lift the arms embargo on Bosnia and gives the President the discretion to provide up to $200 million in defense articles and services to the Bosnian government upon its request for such aid. Sponsor: Rep McCloskey, Frank [IN-8] (introduced 6/9/1994) Cosponsors: (none) Latest Major Action: 6/9/1994 House amendment agreed to. Status: On agreeing to the McCloskey amendment (A025) Agreed to by recorded vote: 244 - 178 (Roll no. 222)." Procedure, because of the ammendment, returned the Resolution in Senate on August 11, 1994. Senate votes, now with significant majority of 56:44. �64. S.AMDT.2524 to H.R.4650 To express the sense of Congress concerning the international efforts to end the conflict in Bosnia and Hercegovina and to establish a process to end the arms embargo on the Government of Bosnia and Hercegovina. Sponsor: Sen Nunn, Sam [GA] (introduced 8/10/1994) Cosponsors: 4 Latest Major Action: 8/11/1994 Senate amendment agreed to. Status: Amendment SP 2524 agreed to in Senate by Yea-Nay Vote. 56-44. Record Vote No: 279.� At that moment USA was still in the position to help to citizens of the Republic Bosnia and Herzegovina to preserve their unified country and there were strong will on USA side to do so, to be on the right side of history. Only one man could stop that: the Bosnian President Izetbegovic, if he declines the offer of help. And this is exactly what happened; Izetbegovic came to USA and on September 27, 1994 and asked for postponement of the lifting of the Arms embargo. To Bosnians, who were under the informative blockade and with media controlled by Serbs and Izetbegovic, it was presented as a smart move that leads to peace. Obviously, that was only another deception. Have in mind, that genocide in Srebrenica will take place on July 11, 1995, a full year after Izetbegovic�s refusal to arm the Bosnian Army. It never before happened that a country under attack refuses arms from their friends. Of course, many European and American media published the news about Izetbegovic�s �postponement� of arming the Bosnian Army, unfortunately without challenging Izetbegovic�s nonsense excuses for such an extremely unusual move. For example, Izetbegovic claimed that arming Bosnians may make Serbs angry and that they could punish Bosnians with their powerful weaponry. Obviously, the Serbs never stopped using their weapons throughout. In fact, the situation on the battlefield was that Bosnians, even without the proper arms were either holding their positions or advancing, because they did not have any other choice than to defend their families. For example, Bosnians had around twice as many soldiers than Serbs. And it was only the Serb advantage in weaponry that was maintained by the embargo which kept the Serb forces from getting swept away. As the war continued, American Congress returned to the issue of the Arms Embargo in January 1995, still six months before genocide in Srebrenica. Here are the basic facts about the new resolution: �S.21 Title: A bill to terminate the United States arms embargo applicable to the Government of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Sponsor: Sen Dole, Robert J. [KS] (introduced 1/4/1995). Cosponsors: 18 Related Bills: H.RES.204, H.R.1172 Latest Major Action: 8/11/1995 Vetoed by President.� Text of this Resolution can be found on the web page of USA Congress, here is a quote from the conclusion: 4. TERMINATION OF ARMS EMBARGO. (a) TERMINATION - The President shall terminate the United States arms embargo of the Government of Bosnia and Herzegovina , as provided in subsection (b), following � (1) receipt by the United States Government of a request from the Government of Bosnia and Herzegovina for termination of the United States arms embargo and submission by the Government of Bosnia and Herzegovina, in exercise of its sovereign rights as a nation, of a request to the United Nations Security Council for the departure of UNPROFOR from Bosnia and Herzegovina; or (2) a decision by the United Nations Security Council, or decisions by countries contributing forces to UNPROFOR, to withdraw UNPROFOR from Bosnia and Herzegovina. Of course, you cannot force anybody to take arms if he does not want to take it. Unfortunately for Bosnia, President Izetbegovic again refused to take the offer and ask for Arms. Instead, he came in UN, in the meeting of the General Assembly on October 24, 1995 and completely invalidated the large effort that Bosnian friends in American Congress undertook in the long political battle to arm Bosnians. In his speech Izetbegovic, while playing a role of a Bosnian patriot, refuses to pose the necessary request to arm Bosnians. This time he correctly notes that Bosnians are anyway winning the war (therefore, arming is not necessary). Note, that argument is in a contradiction with his September refusal to arm Bosnians when he presented the Serbs as so powerful that he was afraid of their anger if we accept arms. This time he says: �We approach this initiative, undertaken by the United States and its President, with the best of faith and with plenty of hope. Our people need and want peace. We have not started this war, and although we are winning, we have not dreamed of being victors in war. We have always worked towards peace and we would like to be victors in peace.� In addition, he now requests from Americans to disarm Serbs rather than to Arm Bosnians. He says: �In order to achieve peace - and what is more - to maintain it, it is necessary to establish a balance in weaponry. This balance can be established on a higher or lower level. We give the preference to the latter, and we demand the reduction of Serbian heavy weaponry.� (see �Statement by H. E. President Alija Izetbegovic, The Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina Special Commemorative Meeting of the General Assembly on the occasion of the Fiftieth Anniversary of the United Nations October 24, 1995�) Everybody knows how complicated is the procedure to adopt a Bill in the USA Congress. Nevertheless, Alija Izetbegovic throws away the long-awaited result borne from the persistent effort of our friends in the USA Congress to arm Bosnians, and out of the blue, he requests that the US should instead undertake the exponentially more difficult task of disarming the Serbs. Bob Dole, McCloskey, Lugar, Lieberman, Biden and many other von a big political battle for Bosnia, only to be seen as were na�ve and to realize that Clinton and Christopher were right when they told them that Bosnian leaders participate with Serbs in the division of the country. After that debacle our friends in the US Congress gave up their fight for unified Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina and let the administration search for peace in Izetbegovic�s terms, which is in fact exactly what Serbs wanted.